Kaname Naito
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About Ending Particle よ
🕑 Added 2023-05-16 13:14:14 +0000 UTCEnding particle よ is used when you notify people about something. When you notify someone that their fly is open, you use よ.
ãƒãƒ£ãƒƒã‚¯ãŒç©ºã„ã¦ã„ã¾ã™ã‚ˆã€‚ Your fly is open.
Other examples:
æºå¸¯ã‚’è½ã¨ã—ã¾ã—ãŸã‚ˆã€‚ You dropped your phone.
シャツãŒè£è¿”ã—ã§ã™ã‚ˆã€‚ Your shirt is inside out.
é¡”ã«ã‚±ãƒãƒ£ãƒƒãƒ—ãŒã¤ã„ã¦ã„ã¾ã™ã‚ˆã€‚ There is ketchup on your face.
- ãƒãƒ£ãƒƒã‚¯ãŒç©º(ã‚)ã„ã¦ã„る：fly is open
- æºå¸¯ï¼ˆã‘ã„ãŸã„）：cellphone
- 〜をè½(ãŠ)ã¨ã™ï¼šdrop ~
- 顔（ã‹ãŠï¼‰ï¼šface
- Aã«BãŒã¤ã：B sticks to A
よ can carry a feeling like "I share this with you". You watched a movie and someone asked you how was it, you can answer by saying é¢ç™½ã‹ã£ãŸ or é¢ç™½ã‹ã£ãŸã‚ˆ. Both sentences are fine and natural. If you just say é¢ç™½ã‹ã£ãŸ, you are just stating what you felt, it doesn't have this feeling of "I share the feeling I had with you". Saying é¢ç™½ã‹ã£ãŸã‚ˆ has "I share this feeling I had with you" vibe, so it sounds more friendly.
Particle よ has "I share this with you" feeling, so if you use it, you sound engaged in the conversation. If you just say é¢ç™½ã‹ã£ãŸ, it sounds like you are a little bit indifferent.
If I forcibly translate the two sentences here, â‘ é¢ç™½ã‹ã£ãŸ and â‘¡é¢ç™½ã‹ã£ãŸã‚ˆ, it will be like this.
A: How was the film?
â‘ It was interesting.
â‘¡Yeah, (I'm telling you) it was interesting!
It doesn't mean that if you don't put よ then it becomes impolite, people casually say ①also, but the difference is that if you want to carry the feeling "I want to share with you" "I'm telling you", it is just that with よ it sounds more friendly.
例1
æ—…è¡Œã©ã†ã ã£ãŸï¼Ÿ How was the trip?
楽ã—ã‹ã£ãŸã‚ˆï¼ It was fun!
例2
ãã“ã®æ–°ã—ã„ãã°å±‹ã¯ã©ã†ã§ã™ã‹ï¼Ÿ How is that new soba shop?
ã™ã”ããŠã„ã—ã„ã§ã™ã‚ˆã€‚ That place is very tasty.
- æ—…è¡Œ(りょã“ã†)：trip
- 〜ã¯ã©ã†ã ã£ãŸï¼Ÿ/ ã©ã†ã§ã—ãŸï¼Ÿï¼šHow was ~?
- 楽(ãŸã®)ã—ã„：fun, enjoyable
- æ–°(ã‚ãŸã‚‰)ã—ã„：new
- ãã°å±‹(ã‚„)：soba shop
- 〜ã¯ã©ã†ï¼Ÿ/ ã©ã†ã§ã™ã‹ï¼Ÿï¼šHow is ~?
- ã™ã”ã：very
- ãŠã„ã—ã„：tasty
There is one trick you can use, you can express excited attitude just by adding emphasis with your tone. You don't need any ending particle when you do that.
æ—山動物園ã¯ã©ã†ã ã£ãŸï¼Ÿ How was Asahiyama Zoo?
ã‚·ãƒã‚¯ãƒžã€ã‹ã‚ã„ã‹ã£ãŸï¼ The polar bear was so cute!
Let's compare the tone with audio1.
1. ã‚·ãƒã‚¯ãƒžã€ã‹ã‚ã„ã‹ã£ãŸã€‚ The polar bear was cute.
2. ã‚·ãƒã‚¯ãƒžã€ã‹ã‚ã„ã‹ã£ãŸï¼(with emphasis) The polar bear was so cute!
- æ—山動物園(ã‚ã•ã²ã‚„ã¾ã©ã†ã¶ã¤ãˆã‚“)：Asahiyama Zoo (in Asahikawa city)
- ã‚·ãƒã‚¯ãƒžï¼špolar bear
- ã‹ã‚ã„ã„：cute, adorable
When people talk about something negative, like "how was the exam?" "I failed," in these situations people tend not to use よ, because bad news is not something you want to share with someone with enthusiasm.
試験ã©ã†ã ã£ãŸï¼Ÿ How was the exam?
è½ã¡ãŸã€‚ I failed.
If you say you passed the exam, it is very natural to use よ.
試験ã©ã†ã ã£ãŸï¼Ÿ How was the exam?
åˆæ ¼ã—ãŸã‚ˆï¼ I passed!
- 試験(ã—ã‘ã‚“)：exam
- [試験ã«]è½(ãŠ)ã¡ã‚‹ï¼šfail (an exam)
- åˆæ ¼(ã”ã†ã‹ã)ã™ã‚‹ï¼špass (an exam)
When you use よ with adjective, if the adjective carries positive meaning in the sentence, it sounds like you are recommending something. If the adjective carries negative feeling, it sounds like you are warning or dissuading.
ã‚ã®åº—ã®ã†ã©ã‚“ã¯ãŠã„ã—ã„ã§ã™ã‚ˆã€‚Udon in that shop is tasty (I recommend it).
ãŠã„ã—ã„ in this sentence obviously carries positive feeling, so it sounds like this person is recommending that udon.
ã‚ã®åº—ã®ã†ã©ã‚“ã¯ãŠã„ã—ããªã„ã§ã™ã‚ˆã€‚ Udon in that shop is not tasty (you shouldn't eat it).
ãŠã„ã—ããªã„ carries negative feeling, so it sounds like this person is warning that you shouldn't eat udon there.
Some words can be used positively or negatively, depending on the context and tone.
ã“ã®ã‚±ãƒ¼ã‚ã€ç”˜ã„ã§ã™ã‚ˆã€‚ This cake is sweet.
甘ㄠcould be negative for those who don't like it to be too sweet, but at the same time, it could be positive for those who prefer sweet cakes. In actual conversation, people can differentiate the two by using different tone. Please compare them by listening audio 2.
ã“ã®ã‚±ãƒ¼ã‚ã€ç”˜ã„ã§ã™ã‚ˆã€‚(positive) This cake is sweet (I recommend it).
ã“ã®ã‚±ãƒ¼ã‚ã€ç”˜ã„ã§ã™ã‚ˆã€‚(negative) This cake is (too) sweet (I don't recommend it.)
- ã‚ã®åº—(ã¿ã›)：that shop
- ã†ã©ã‚“：udon
- ケーã‚：cake
- 甘(ã‚ã¾)ã„：sweet
What about when you use it with verb? よ on verbs can have three different functions.
1. Same as in the previous cases, it can carry "I share it with you" feeling.
明日å¦æ ¡ã«è¡Œã？ Are you going to school tomorrow?
è¡Œãよ。Yeah, I'm going.
In this situation, if you just say è¡Œã, it sounds like you are not enthusiastic about this conversation.
明日å¦æ ¡ã«è¡Œã？Are you going to school tomorrow?
è¡Œã。I'm going.
- 明日(ã‚ã—ãŸ)：tomorrow
- å¦æ ¡(ãŒã£ã“ã†)：school
- 〜ã«è¡Œ(ã„)ã：go to ~
2. Used it when you voluntarily do something for someone, like "I'll do that for you."
è·ç‰©ã€ç§ãŒæŒã¡ã¾ã™ã‚ˆã€‚I'll carry the baggage if you don't mind.
æ–™ç†ã€æ‰‹ä¼ã„ã¾ã™ã‚ˆã€‚I'll help you with cooking if you don't mind.
会計ã¯ç§ãŒæ‰•ã„ã¾ã™ã‚ˆã€‚I'll pay the bill if you don't mind.
If you don't put よ here, it sounds like it is already determined that you help the person.
è·ç‰©ã€ç§ãŒæŒã¡ã¾ã™ã€‚I carry the baggage.
æ–™ç†ã€æ‰‹ä¼ã„ã¾ã™ã€‚I help you with cooking.
会計ã¯ç§ãŒæ‰•ã„ã¾ã™ã€‚I pay the bill.
- è·ç‰©(ã«ã‚‚ã¤)：baggage, stuff that people carry
- æŒ(ã‚‚)ã¤ï¼šhold, carry
- æ–™ç†(りょã†ã‚Š)：cooking, cooked food
- 手ä¼(ã¦ã¤ã )ã†ï¼šhelp, give hand
- 会計(ã‹ã„ã‘ã„)：bill, check
- 払(ã¯ã‚‰)ã†ï¼špay
3. Used when you warn someone, "I'll do ~ if ~" "I don't do ~ if ~".
Say you are having dinner with friends, realized that everyone is gazing at their phones, no one is talking. In this situation, you might say "well if you guys don't stop looking at your phones, I'll go home". In this situation, you use よ.
ã‚‚ã—ã¿ã‚“ãªãšã£ã¨æºå¸¯ã°ã‹ã‚Šè¦‹ã¦ã‚‹ãªã‚‰ã€ã‚ãŸã—帰るよ。
If you guys keep on gazing at your phones, I'll go home.
A family with a kid is planning to go to an amusement park this weekend, but since the kid is misbehaving, the mother warns the kid "if you don't stop that I won't take you to the amusement park!" to warn them, in this situation you also use よ.
ã‚‚ã—ãれやã‚ãªã„ã¨ã€éŠåœ’地ã«é€£ã‚Œã¦ã„ã‹ãªã„よï¼
If you don't stop that, I won't take you to the amusement park!
Ending particle 㞠is a stronger and more rough form of よ. You can use it likewise, but it has very rough vibe. If a kidnapper threatens someone that "If you don't give me the money, I'll kill this guy!" He would use 㞠to threaten them.
ã‚‚ã—金を渡ã•ãªã‹ã£ãŸã‚‰ã€ã“ã„ã¤ã‚’殺ã™ãžï¼
If you don't give me money, I'll kill this guy!
- ã‚‚ã—ã¿ã‚“ãªãšã£ã¨æºå¸¯(ã‘ã„ãŸã„)ã°ã‹ã‚Šè¦‹(ã¿)ã¦ã‚‹ãªã‚‰ï¼šif everyone keeps on gazing at the phone
- 帰(ã‹ãˆ)る：go home
- ã‚„ã‚る：quit, stop
- éŠåœ’地(ゆã†ãˆã‚“ã¡)：amusement park
- 金(ã‹ã)：money
- 渡(ã‚ãŸ)ã™ï¼šhand, give
- ã“ã„ã¤ï¼šthis guy (derogatory)
- 殺(ã“ã‚)ã™ï¼škill
Ending particles are hard to grasp, they can mean many different things depending on the context and the tone. There can be other ways in which this particle よ is used. But if you can get a vague idea about the fundamental function of the particle, and after absorbing many examples of it, you will get the sense of it, and without realizing it, you will be able to use it. When you master it, you might not be able to explain why, but you would use it in a natural way.
There are four audio files.
1. Examples (read all the examples in the text)
2. Vocabulary (read all the vocabulary in the text)
3. Audio1
4. Audio2
Comments
Kaname Naito
You can say like that. But you don't have to mention "ã‚ãªãŸã®" there. Mentioning ã‚ãªãŸã® there makes it sounds a bit unnatural to Japanese ears. Other than that, there's no problem.
Kenbo
Kaname, thank you so much for this Patreon. Question: Is this expression OK to use? ããˆã€ã‚ãªãŸã®ç¤¾ä¼š(ã—ゃã‹ã„)ã®çª“ (ã¾ã©)ãŒé–‹ã„ã¦ã„ã¾ã™ã‚ˆã€‚Where "syakai no mado" means "window of society". Literal Trans: Hey, your 'window of society' is open. Regular trans: Hey, you're fly is open. Please correct me if I'm wrong with anything.
Kaname Naito
Thanks! Here saying ã€Œç´ æ™´ã‚‰ã—ã„例文ãŒã‚ã‚Šã¾ã™ã€sounds not natural, like in English saying "there is a great example." Saying like 「例文ãŒè‰¯ã‹ã£ãŸã§ã™ã€or「例文ãŒç´ 晴らã—ã‹ã£ãŸã§ã™ã€sounds more natural in Japanese.
Leo Roque
ç´ æ™´ã‚‰ã—ã„例文ãŒã‚ã‚Šã¾ã™ã€‚ ã‚ã‚ŠãŒã¨ã†ï¼
